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Claramae Turner (née Haas, October 28, 1920 - May 18, 2013)〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=111291066 )〕 was an American operatic contralto, perhaps best known for her appearance in the film ''Carousel'' (1956), adapted from the Rodgers and Hammerstein stage musical of the same name. ==Early Life and Career== Born in the high desert, outside Dinuba, California, to Reed Ross Haas and Anna Marie Helen Somma Haas,〔 she began her career at the Bush Street Music Hall in San Francisco, where she sang the contralto leads in Gilbert and Sullivan operas; at the same time she joined the chorus of San Francisco Opera.〔("Claramae Turner, 92, Great American Contralto, Has Died" ), ''Opera News'', May 31, 2013〕 She made her San Francisco Opera principal debut as The Voice in ''Les contes d'Hoffmann'' in 1945, and sang with the Metropolitan Opera from 1946 to 1950, appearing in ''Faust'' (as Marthe, opposite Raoul Jobin), ''Boris Godunov'' (as the Hôtesse, with Ezio Pinza), ''Aïda'' (as Amneris), ''Hänsel und Gretel'' (as Gertrud), ''Roméo et Juliette'' (as Gertrude, with Jussi Björling and Bidù Sayão), ''Le nozze di Figaro'' (as Marcellina), ''Siegfried'' (as Erda, with Lauritz Melchior and Astrid Varnay), ''Cavalleria rusticana'' (as Lucia), ''Il barbiere di Siviglia'' (as Berta, opposite Giuseppe Valdengo and Lily Pons), ''Peter Grimes'' (as Auntie), and ''Gianni Schicchi'' (as Zita). Turner then sang with the New York City Opera from 1953 to 1969, in ''The Medium'', ''Hänsel und Gretel'' (now as The Witch), ''Œdipus rex'' (as Jocasta, with Richard Cassilly, conducted by Leopold Stokowski), ''Suor Angelica'' (as the Zia Principessa, conducted by Julius Rudel), ''Carmen'', ''Louise'' (as the Mère), ''The Ballad of Baby Doe'' (as Augusta, with Beverly Sills), ''Dialogues des Carmélites'' (as Madame de Croissy), ''Bomarzo'' (as Diana Orsini, opposite Salvador Novoa, directed by Tito Capobianco), ''Iolanthe'' (as the Queen of the Fairies), Lady Jane in ''Patience''〔Klein, Howard.("City Opera Company Presents ''Patience''" ), ''The New York Times'', April 16, 1965, p. 34〕 and ''The Mikado'' (as Katisha), among others.〔 She created the role of Madame Flora in Gian Carlo Menotti's ''The Medium'', in 1946 at its first performances at Columbia University. She reprised the role in an episode of ''Omnibus'' on television, conducted by Werner Torkanowsky, (1959).〔("Omnibus" The Medium (1959) )〕 She also recorded the role of Ma Moss in Aaron Copland's ''The Tender Land'' (opposite Joy Clements and Norman Treigle, conducted by the composer, 1965), and Gertrud in an English version of Engelbert Humperdinck's ''Hänsel und Gretel'', starring Risë Stevens and Nadine Conner (1947).〔(The Metropolitan Opera )〕 This performance was one of the first Metropolitan Opera record albums of a complete opera ever released (by Columbia Masterworks Records). Miss Turner reprised the role on television in a performance on NBC Opera Theatre. For radio, she sang the role of Ulrica in Arturo Toscanini's 1954 legendary concert version of Verdi's ''Un ballo in maschera'', co-starring Herva Nelli, Jan Peerce, and Robert Merrill, in the Maestro's final complete operatic performance.〔http://home.earthlink.net/~jw3/Records.htm#V〕 This performance was later released on LP and CD by RCA Victor. In 1956, Turner appeared in her only film, Rodgers and Hammerstein's ''Carousel'' (with Shirley Jones), based on the successful stage musical. In the film, she played the role of Nettie Fowler.〔(Carousel (1956) - Soundtracks )〕 She sang the role of Nettie again in a Command Records studio cast recording of ''Carousel'', starring Alfred Drake and Roberta Peters, recorded in 1962. (This version has not yet been published on compact disc.) The song "I Left My Heart in San Francisco" was written for Turner, and it was she, not Tony Bennett, who originally sang it. However, it was Bennett who first recorded it.〔(I Left My Heart In San Francisco )〕 In 1970, Turner collaborated with Scott McKenzie, making a cameo appearance while McKenzie was performing at the Great American Music Hall. Together, they sang San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair) as a duet. Fans praised Turner's version of the song, prompting her to record her own version in 1971, making it her first, last, and only pop tune. Albums have recently been released of Turner in complete live recordings of Verdi's ''La forza del destino'', starring Zinka Milanov, Mario del Monaco, and Leonard Warren, in a New Orleans performance conducted by Walter Herbert, and the Verdi ''Requiem'', conducted by Guido Cantelli. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Claramae Turner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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